{"id":32293,"date":"2020-05-18T07:47:49","date_gmt":"2020-05-18T07:47:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/?post_type=research_project&#038;p=32293"},"modified":"2023-03-15T09:17:01","modified_gmt":"2023-03-15T09:17:01","slug":"happisburgh-landslide-observatory","status":"publish","type":"research_project","link":"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/landslides\/happisburgh-landslide-observatory\/","title":{"rendered":"Happisburgh Landslide Observatory"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t\t<section class=\"hero-section hero-section-with-social\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hero-info-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-12\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hero-info\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1>Happisburgh Landslide Observatory<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>BGS Research &mdash; Landslides<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"social-wrap social-wrap-inline-them\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"sea-background-f\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Share this article<\/span><a target=\"_blank\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer\/sharer.php?u=https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/landslides\/happisburgh-landslide-observatory\/\"><span class=\"icon-facebook\"><span class=\"hidden\">Facebook<\/span><\/span><\/a><a target=\"_blank\"  href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?text=Happisburgh%20Landslide%20Observatory&#038;url=https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/landslides\/happisburgh-landslide-observatory\/\"><span class=\"icon-twitter\"><span class=\"hidden\">Twitter<\/span><\/span><\/a><a   onclick=\"javascript:void( (function() {var e=document.createElement('script' );e.setAttribute('type','text\/javascript' );e.setAttribute('charset','UTF-8' );e.setAttribute('src','\/\/assets.pinterest.com\/js\/pinmarklet.js?r='+Math.random()*99999999);document.body.appendChild(e)})());\"  href=\"javascript:void(0);\"><span class=\"icon-pinterest\"><span class=\"hidden\">Pinterest<\/span><\/span><\/a><a target=\"_blank\"  href=\"https:\/\/wa.me?text=https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/landslides\/happisburgh-landslide-observatory\/\"><span class=\"icon-whatsapp\"><span class=\"hidden\">WhatsApp<\/span><\/span><\/a><a   href=\"mailto:?subject=Happisburgh%20Landslide%20Observatory&#038;body=Rapid%20erosion%20of%20the%20cliffs%20at%20Happisburgh%20means%20that%20we%20can%20observe%20processes%20that%20may%20normally%20take%20thousands%20of%20years%20at%20other%20sites.%20(https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/landslides\/happisburgh-landslide-observatory\/)\"><span class=\"icon-mail\"><span class=\"hidden\">Email<\/span><\/span><\/a><a href=\"#\" data-copy=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/landslides\/happisburgh-landslide-observatory\/\" class=\"copy-url-on-click\"><span class=\"icon-link\"><span class=\"hidden\">Copy Link<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-bgs-blocks-content-container content-section\"><div class=\"container\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"col-12\">\n<p>Happisburgh, on Norfolk&#8217;s North Sea coast, is a village with a population of around 8-900 people. The village contains a notable stone church dating from the 14th century, an impressive manor house, listed buildings and a famous red-and-white striped lighthouse.<\/p>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t<div  class=\"owl-carousel carousel-primary-color carousel owl-theme thumbs-carousel-js\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"item\"><figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/happisburgh_coastal_erosion_website.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"Happisburgh eroding coastline\" \/><figcaption class=\"caption sm-line\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>The eroding coast at Happisburgh in Norfolk. \u00a9 Mike Page.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"item\"><figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/cliff_top_position_website.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"Cliff top retreat 2004\" \/><figcaption class=\"caption \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>An example of the rapid coastal erosion at Happisburgh. Cliff top position in 2004 \u2014 this had retreated a further 20\u00a0m in 2007. 1992 aerial photograph \u00a9 Environment Agency, reproduced with kind permission of the Shoreline Management Group (Anglian Region).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"item\"><figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/happisburgh_2002_website.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"Happisburgh, 2005\" \/><figcaption class=\"caption sm-line\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>Happisburgh, 2005.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"item\"><figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/happisburgh-location_website.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"Happisburgh location\" \/><figcaption class=\"caption sm-line\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>Happisburgh, Norfolk. \u00a9 BGS\/UKRI.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\n<p>Although now a coastal village, Happisburgh (pronounced haze-bruh) was once some distance from the sea, parted from the coast by the parish of Whimpwell, long since eroded away. Historic records indicate that over 250&nbsp;m of land were lost between 1600 and 1850. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>More recently, the village was affected by the tragic floods of 1953 that claimed the lives of 76 Norfolk residents and defences were built along this coast in response to this event. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Coastal defences built at Happisburgh have slowed down the rate of retreat. However, large sections are now in disrepair. Sea-level rise and climate change, including increased storminess, may also increase the rate of erosion. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Agriculture and tourism contribute significantly to the economy of the village and surrounding hinterland, although this is threatened by the receding cliff line. Prior to the construction of a rock embankment at the northern end of the survey site, the erosion had claimed at least one property per year plus significant quantities of agricultural land.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Geology<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The cliffs at Happisburgh range in height from 6 to 10&nbsp;m and are composed of a layer-cake sequence of several glacial tills, separated by beds of stratified silt, clay and sand (Hart, 1987; Lunkka, 1988; Hart, 1999; Lee, 2003). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The basal unit within the stratigraphical succession at Happisburgh is the How Hill Member of the <a href=\"https:\/\/webapps.bgs.ac.uk\/lexicon\/home.cfm?pub=WRCG\">Wroxham Crag Formation<\/a>. These deposits are typically buried beneath modern beach material but are periodically exposed following storms. They consist of stratified brown sands and clays with occasional quartzose-rich gravel seams that are interpreted as intertidal or shallow marine in origin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Unconformably overlying these marine deposits are a series of glacial lithologies deposited during several advances of glacier ice into the region during the Middle Pleistocene (around 780 to 430&nbsp;ka&nbsp;BP) (Lee et al., 2002; Lee et al., 2004). The survey site has a tripartite geological succession.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/webapps.bgs.ac.uk\/lexicon\/home.cfm?pub=HPTI\">Happisburgh Till Member<\/a> crops out at the base of the cliffs and its base is frequently obscured by modern beach material: it has a maximum thickness of 3&nbsp;m. The Happisburgh Till Member is a dark grey, highly consolidated till with a matrix composed of a largely massive clayey sand with rare (&lt;1 per cent) pebbles of local and far-travelled material.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The upper surface of the till undulates and comprises a series of ridges and troughs upon which the overlying &#8216;Ostend Clay&#8217; crops out. This unit is between 2.3 and 3.4 m thick and consists of thinly laminated, light grey silts and dark grey clays.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In turn, these beds are overlain by 2 to 4&nbsp;m of weak, stratified sand (<a href=\"https:\/\/webapps.bgs.ac.uk\/lexicon\/home.cfm?pub=HPSA\">Happisburgh Sand Member<\/a>) with occasional silty-clay horizons.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/happisburgh_geology_website-150x150.jpg\" class=\"lazy-blur\" alt=\"The geology of the cliffs at Happisburgh.\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/happisburgh_geology_website.jpg\" \/><figcaption class=\"caption sm-line\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>The geology of the cliffs at Happisburgh.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Coastal erosion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>It is likely that the Norfolk cliffs have been eroding at the present rate for about the last 5000 years, when the sea level rose to within a metre or two of its present position (Clayton, 1989). Therefore, the future predictions of sea-level rise and storm frequency due to climate change are likely to have a profound effect on coastal erosion and serious consequences for the effectiveness of coastal protection and sea-defence schemes in East Anglia in the near future (Thomalla and Vincent, 2003).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rapid erosion of the cliffs at Happisburgh means that we can observe processes that may normally take thousands of years at other sites. This means that we can look for patterns in the erosion at Happisburgh, which may help our understanding of sites elsewhere that are eroding more slowly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Surveying activity<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>As part of a programme of work monitoring coastal erosion and landsliding at several sites around the coast of Great Britain, we are surveying the cliffs adjacent to the village of Happisburgh in Norfolk with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/geomatic-surveys\/#lidar\">terrestrial LiDAR scanning<\/a>. The resulting computer model enables volume calculations and observations to be made as to the way in which the coast is eroding. The results from the survey provide data for models of coastal recession.<\/p>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t<div  class=\"owl-carousel carousel-primary-color carousel owl-theme thumbs-carousel-js\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"item\"><figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/happisburgh_laser_scan_website.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"Laser scan model Happisburgh\" \/><figcaption class=\"caption \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>3D laser scan solid models for 2001 to 2006 at Happisburgh. 2001 (yellow) ranging annually to 2006 (dark blue).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"item\"><figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/happisburgh_cross_section_website.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"Happsiburgh cross section\" \/><figcaption class=\"caption sm-line\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>Cross-section at Happisburgh, showing cliff and platform stratigraphy.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"item\"><figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/happisburgh_embayment_formation.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"Embayment formation Happisburgh\" \/><figcaption class=\"caption sm-line\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>Process model for embayment formation at Happisburgh.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\n<p>From this survey, the following conceptual model has been proposed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>In winter, erosion caused by groundwater (as seen in the gullying of the cliff face), coupled with increased seasonal storminess, causes small-scale, frequent, shallow landsliding in the Happisburgh Sand Member. The Happisburgh Sand Member is easily eroded and undercutting of the cliff toe reduces slope stability and cliff failure occurs. The beach surface is low and scouring of the upper surface of the till extends the till platform.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In summer, the beach surface is higher and covers the &#8216;winter platform&#8217;. Wave attack is the dominant form of erosion accompanied by landsliding in the Happisburgh Sand  Member.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>The cliff surface profiles show that the erosion process is non-uniform, involving the cyclic formation of a series of embayments that continually enlarge. This could infer landsliding processes involving block falls, mudflows and running sand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">References<\/h2>\n\n\n<div  class=\"accordions\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"acc-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"acc-top secondary-background icon-arrow button no-btn\"><span class=\"button-content\" tabindex=\"-1\">Key references<\/span><\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"acc-body sea-background-e\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"centeringBox\" align=\"center\">\n<div id=\"widthBox\">\n<div id=\"midCol\">\n<div class=\"sectionBox\">\n<div class=\"sectionBody\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Hobbs, P R N, Pennington, C V L, Pearson, S G, Jones, L D, Foster, C, Lee, J R, and Gibson, A. 2008. <a href=\"http:\/\/nora.nerc.ac.uk\/id\/eprint\/7236\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Slope Dynamics Project Report: Norfolk Coast (2000-2006),<\/a> <em>British Geological Survey Open Report<\/em> OR\/08\/018. (Nottingham, UK: British Geological Survey.) (Unpublished.)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Poulton, C V L. 2004. <a href=\"http:\/\/nora.nerc.ac.uk\/id\/eprint\/514618\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Disappearing coasts<\/a>. <em>Planet Earth<\/em>, Vol. Summer 2004, 26\u201327.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Poulton, C V L, Lee, J R, Jones, L D, Hobbs, P R N, and Hall, M. 2006. <a href=\"http:\/\/nora.nerc.ac.uk\/id\/eprint\/214\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Preliminary investigation into monitoring coastal erosion using terrestrial laser scanning: case study at Happisburgh, Norfolk, UK<\/a>. <em>Bulletin of the Geological Society of Norfolk<\/em>, No. 56, 45\u201365.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"cta-section  sea-background-e \">\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"row md-row\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"col-12\">\n\t\t\t\t<h2>Contact the Landslide Response Team<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<div>Tel: 0115 936 3143     Email: landslides@bgs.ac.uk   <\/div>\t\t\t\t<div class=\"btn-wrap\"><a href=\"mailto:landslides@bgs.ac.uk\"  class=\"button primary-background   \">Contact us<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<section   id=\"latest-content-9500-block_00a3bf72ce192541edaa462340671c02\" class=\"grid-section  primary-background   \" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row header-of-section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-12\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>You may also be interested in<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row grid-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-lg-6 col-12\">\n\t<div class=\"cards cards-orizontal-sm  cards-find-more  cards-bordered\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/landslides\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/P786645-150x150.jpg\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"Debris pathway downslope, partly netted. Debris on the railway line has been cleared and the line is in the process of being repaired.\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/P786645.jpg\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/landslides\/\">Landslides<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The BGS landslides team is involved in many aspects of landslide research, with the primary objective of building resilience both in the UK and internationally.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/landslides\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"col-lg-6 col-12\">\n\t<div class=\"cards cards-orizontal-sm  cards-find-more  cards-bordered\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/landslides\/landslides-and-rainfall\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/feature_landslides-150x150.jpg\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"landslides and rainfall\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/feature_landslides.jpg\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/landslides\/landslides-and-rainfall\/\">Landslides and rainfall<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>We combine rainfall statistics and landslide data to produce graphs demonstrating the relationship between landslides and rainfall.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/landslides\/landslides-and-rainfall\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"col-lg-6 col-12\">\n\t<div class=\"cards cards-orizontal-sm  cards-find-more  cards-bordered\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/landslides\/national-landslide-database\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Feature_landslides_db-150x150.jpg\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"National Landslides Database\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Feature_landslides_db.jpg\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/landslides\/national-landslide-database\/\">National Landslide Database<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The BGS National Landslide Database (NLD) is the most extensive source of information on landslides in Great Britain.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/landslides\/national-landslide-database\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-12\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rapid erosion of the cliffs at Happisburgh means that we can observe processes that may normally take thousands of years at other sites.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":32473,"parent":3867,"menu_order":7,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"63981,85323,88944,72123,33594,68523","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","footnotes":""},"tags":[],"region":[],"topic":[],"purpose":[],"area":[],"challenge":[],"challenge_topic":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.5 - 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