{"id":26792,"date":"2019-12-09T13:17:38","date_gmt":"2020-04-17T08:02:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/?post_type=research_project&#038;p=26792"},"modified":"2020-07-23T11:24:48","modified_gmt":"2020-07-23T11:24:48","slug":"imager","status":"publish","type":"research_project","link":"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/geophysical-tomography\/applications\/imager\/","title":{"rendered":"IMAGER"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t\t<section class=\"hero-section hero-section-with-social\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hero-info-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-12\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hero-info\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1>Investigation and Monitoring of Aggregate Deposits Using Geo-Electrical Resistivity Imaging: IMAGER<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>BGS Research &mdash; Geophysical tomography<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"social-wrap social-wrap-inline-them\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"sea-background-f\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Share this article<\/span><a target=\"_blank\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer\/sharer.php?u=https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/geophysical-tomography\/applications\/imager\/\"><span class=\"icon-facebook\"><span class=\"hidden\">Facebook<\/span><\/span><\/a><a target=\"_blank\"  href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?text=IMAGER&#038;url=https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/geophysical-tomography\/applications\/imager\/\"><span class=\"icon-twitter\"><span class=\"hidden\">Twitter<\/span><\/span><\/a><a   onclick=\"javascript:void( (function() {var e=document.createElement('script' );e.setAttribute('type','text\/javascript' );e.setAttribute('charset','UTF-8' );e.setAttribute('src','\/\/assets.pinterest.com\/js\/pinmarklet.js?r='+Math.random()*99999999);document.body.appendChild(e)})());\"  href=\"javascript:void(0);\"><span class=\"icon-pinterest\"><span class=\"hidden\">Pinterest<\/span><\/span><\/a><a target=\"_blank\"  href=\"https:\/\/wa.me?text=https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/geophysical-tomography\/applications\/imager\/\"><span class=\"icon-whatsapp\"><span class=\"hidden\">WhatsApp<\/span><\/span><\/a><a   href=\"mailto:?subject=IMAGER&#038;body=The%20IMAGER%20project%20aims%20to%20develop%203D%20electrical%20resistivity%20tomography%20as%20a%20nationally%20applicable%20method%20for%20investigating%20important%20onshore%20sand%20and%20gravel%20deposits.%20(https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/geophysical-tomography\/applications\/imager\/)\"><span class=\"icon-mail\"><span class=\"hidden\">Email<\/span><\/span><\/a><a href=\"#\" data-copy=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/geophysical-tomography\/applications\/imager\/\" class=\"copy-url-on-click\"><span class=\"icon-link\"><span class=\"hidden\">Copy Link<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-bgs-blocks-content-container content-section\"><div class=\"container\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"col-12\">\n<p>The aim of the Investigation and Monitoring of Aggregate Deposits Using Geo-Electrical Resistivity Imaging (IMAGER) project is to develop 3D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) as a nationally applicable method for investigating economically and strategically important onshore sand and gravel deposits.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/IMT.jpg\" data-toggle=\"lightbox\" data-footer=\"&lt;p&gt;3D ERT image of a complex sand and gravel deposit.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-gallery=\"gallery_65193\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/IMT-150x150.jpg\" class=\"lazy-blur\" alt=\"3D ERT image of a complex sand and gravel deposit.\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/IMT.jpg\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"caption sm-line\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>3D ERT image of a complex sand and gravel deposit.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"expand-box expand-box-top\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/IMT.jpg\" data-toggle=\"lightbox\" data-footer=\"&lt;p&gt;3D ERT image of a complex sand and gravel deposit.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-gallery=\"gallery_65193\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/expand.svg\" alt=\"Expand icon\"><\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>ERT is a very powerful geophysical ground-imaging tool that can be used for both deposit characterisation and groundwater monitoring; IMAGER will develop ERT for both these purposes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Project partners<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>IMAGER is a Mineral Industry Sustainable Technology Programme (MIST)-funded project, carried out in partnership with:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>BGS<\/li><li>Minerals Industry Research Organisation (MIRO)<\/li><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tarmac.co.uk\/\" target=\"_blank\">Tarmac<\/a> <\/li><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hanson.co.uk\/en\" target=\"_blank\">Hanson<\/a> <\/li><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cemex.co.uk\/\" target=\"_blank\">CEMEX<\/a> <\/li><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lafarge.co.uk\/wps\/portal\/uk\" target=\"_blank\">Lafarge<\/a> <\/li><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/www.aggregate.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">Aggregate Industries<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Deposit characterisation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>When used as a geological characterisation tool, 3D ERT can provide high-resolution volumetric images of the ground and is therefore particularly suited to investigating complex deposits or deposits that are difficult to drill.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Although research has begun into the use of ERT for sand and gravel deposit evaluation, it has yet to be tested in many economically important geological settings in the UK. Moreover, there is still much work to be done to quantify the performance and resolution of ERT and to quantify the economic and environmental benefits of integrating ERT into the deposit investigation process. The IMAGER project will address these knowledge gaps.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Deposit visualisation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>As part of the project, ERT has been successfully used to image the subsurface architecture of sand and gravel deposits at a number of commercial quarries. Advanced 3D modelling and voxel visualisation permits the quarry operator to see the full spatial distribution of a deposit prior to drilling and hence to estimate the potential tonnage. By setting appropriate resistivity iso-surfaces, the background overburden or bedrock can be removed from the tomographic image to further define the sand and gravel geometry (see Animation 1).<\/p>\n\n\n<figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/sandgrav.gif\" class=\"lazy-blur\" alt=\"3D visualisation of a resistivity image of a quarry. Progressive removal of the bedrock and overburden reveals the extent of the sand &amp; gravel deposit.\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/sandgrav.gif\" \/><figcaption class=\"caption \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>Animation 1: 3D visualisation of a resistivity image of a quarry. Progressive removal of the bedrock and overburden reveals the extent of the sand and gravel deposit.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Groundwater monitoring<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Time-lapse ERT data can be used to monitor changes in both groundwater levels and quality. By using the state-of-the-art, BGS-designed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/geophysical-tomography\/technologies\/#ALERT\">ALERT<\/a> (automated time-lapse ERT) monitoring system it will be possible to spatially image rapidly changing hydrogeological conditions caused by quarry dewatering in real-time. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Although ERT monitoring is now being used in other sectors (e.g. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/geophysical-tomography\/applications\/#contaminated\">contaminated land investigation<\/a>; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/geophysical-tomography\/applications\/#waste\">waste management<\/a>; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/geophysical-tomography\/applications\/#Hydrogeophysics\">groundwater<\/a>) it has yet to be applied by the minerals industry. The IMAGER project will therefore demonstrate proof-of-concept for this technology in relation to sand and gravel workings. Our focus will initially be on deploying time-lapse ERT for high-risk sites where particular care has to be given to groundwater management. Examples of these include sites with significant environmental or ecological sensitivities, such as Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs), or at sites in complex hydrogeological settings where dewatering could affect surrounding aquifers or ecosystems.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/water.gif\" class=\"lazy-blur\" alt=\"Monitoring of dewatering in a sand aquifer using time-lapse ERT, red = unsaturated, blue = saturated, and the dashed line shows the water table.\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/water.gif\" \/><figcaption class=\"caption \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>Animation 2: monitoring of dewatering in a sand aquifer using time-lapse ERT. Red = unsaturated; blue = saturated; dashed line shows the water table.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Contact<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>If you would like to discover more then please contact <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/people\/chambers-jonathan\/\">Jonathan Chambers<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<section   id=\"latest-content-425-block_5eaaabbf96bc2\" class=\"grid-section  primary-background   \" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row header-of-section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-12\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>You may also be interested in<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row grid-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-lg-6 col-12\">\n\t<div class=\"cards cards-orizontal-sm  cards-find-more  cards-bordered\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/geophysical-tomography\/applications\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/data_collection_quarry-150x150.jpg\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"Data collection in a quarry.\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/data_collection_quarry.jpg\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/geophysical-tomography\/applications\/\">Applications<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Applications range from mineral exploration and waste management, to monitoring active processes within the subsurface, such as the movement of pollutants, or the flow of groundwater in unstable slopes affecting infrastructure.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/geophysical-tomography\/applications\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"col-lg-6 col-12\">\n\t<div class=\"cards cards-orizontal-sm  cards-find-more  cards-bordered\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/geophysical-tomography\/technologies\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/P641010_technologies_feature-150x150.jpg\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"Capacitive Resistivity Imaging (CRI) MkII prototype.\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/P641010_technologies_feature.jpg\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/geophysical-tomography\/technologies\/\">Technologies<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Creating innovative technologies with in the field of geophysical and geotechnical monitoring. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/geophysical-tomography\/technologies\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"col-lg-6 col-12\">\n\t<div class=\"cards cards-orizontal-sm  cards-find-more  cards-bordered\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/geophysical-tomography\/technologies\/prime\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/PRIME_feature-150x150.jpg\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"Close up of PRIME hardware.\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/PRIME_feature.jpg\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/geophysical-tomography\/technologies\/prime\/\">PRIME<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>PRIME is a low-cost system specifically designed to monitor through remote operation for deployment on &#8216;at risk&#8217; geotechnical assets (e.g. embankments; cuttings; dams). <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/geophysical-tomography\/technologies\/prime\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-12\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The IMAGER project aims to develop 3D electrical resistivity tomography as a nationally applicable method for investigating important onshore sand and gravel deposits.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":28589,"parent":26029,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":""},"tags":[],"region":[8,116],"topic":[24,27,29],"purpose":[],"area":[17,19],"challenge":[50],"challenge_topic":[118,135,137],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>IMAGER - British Geological Survey<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Research to develop 3D\/4D ERT for investigating economically and strategically important onshore sand and gravel deposits and 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