{"id":68790,"date":"2021-03-02T14:44:58","date_gmt":"2021-03-02T14:44:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/?p=68790"},"modified":"2024-03-12T10:03:57","modified_gmt":"2024-03-12T10:03:57","slug":"the-cardiff-urban-geo-observatory-a-city-scale-observatory-for-city-scale-challenges","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/the-cardiff-urban-geo-observatory-a-city-scale-observatory-for-city-scale-challenges\/","title":{"rendered":"The Cardiff Urban Geo Observatory: \u2018a city-scale observatory for city-scale challenges\u2019"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<section class=\"wp-block-bgs-blocks-content-container content-section\"><div class=\"container\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"col-12\">\n<p>Focused on shallow, urban groundwater systems, the <a href=\"https:\/\/ukgeos.ac.uk\/observatories\/cardiff\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cardiff Urban Geo Observatory<\/a> aims to better understand the challenges of recovering and storing heat in the subsurface, for use as sustainable, low-carbon space heating and cooling in buildings.<\/p>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t<div  id=\"video-7338-block_0ce8465d8f783d98458ee2b069702ca8\" class=\"video-wrap  \" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"img-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"position-relative\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/i3.ytimg.com\/vi\/LHQwdB6HvRc\/hqdefault.jpg\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/video.svg\" class=\"video-play\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption sm-line\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>Video 1:\u00a0 our role in ground-source heat pump (GSHP) sustainability research at Grangetown Nursery School, Cardiff. BGS \u00a9 UKRI.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"into-video\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<noscript>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<iframe class=\"video-section\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/LHQwdB6HvRc?enablejsapi=1&#038;version=3&#038;playerapiid=ytplayer&#038;rel=0&#038;autoplay=1\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/noscript>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\n<p>To do this, we created a <a href=\"http:\/\/nora.nerc.ac.uk\/id\/eprint\/529171\/1\/Cardiff_Modelmetedatareport_03March2020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">3D geological model of Cardiff<\/a>, which has been used to develop a groundwater model that helps us understand how water and heat move around below the city. To collect the data or the model, we <a href=\"http:\/\/nora.nerc.ac.uk\/id\/eprint\/517141\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">repurposed an existing borehole network<\/a> owned by the City of Cardiff Council and the Cardiff Harbour Authority, measuring groundwater levels and temperature every 30 minutes. When combined, the models and data will enable us to understand how groundwater can be sustainably used and regulated for heat recovery and storage.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Fig-2-003.jpg\" data-toggle=\"lightbox\" data-footer=\"&lt;p&gt;Figure 1: diagram of the open-loop ground-source heat pump scheme, which abstracts water from a shallow aquifer (&lt;20 m) below the ground. BGS \u00a9 UKRI.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-gallery=\"gallery_76019\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Fig-2-003-150x150.jpg\" class=\"lazy-blur\" alt=\"Diagram of the open-loop ground-source heat pump scheme, which abstracts water from a shallow aquifer (\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Fig-2-003.jpg\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"caption \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>Figure 1: diagram of the open-loop ground-source heat pump scheme, which abstracts water from a shallow aquifer (&lt;20 m) below the ground. BGS \u00a9 UKRI.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"expand-box expand-box-top\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Fig-2-003.jpg\" data-toggle=\"lightbox\" data-footer=\"&lt;p&gt;Figure 1: diagram of the open-loop ground-source heat pump scheme, which abstracts water from a shallow aquifer (&lt;20 m) below the ground. BGS \u00a9 UKRI.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-gallery=\"gallery_76019\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/expand.svg\" alt=\"Expand icon\"><\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>To prove the concept of using shallow, urban aquifers for heat recovery, we installed an open-loop <a href=\"http:\/\/nora.nerc.ac.uk\/id\/eprint\/525326\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ground-source heat pump at a local nursery school<\/a> (Video 1 and Figure 1). Groundwater is abstracted from a borehole from a sand and gravel aquifer and passed through a heat exchanger before cooler water is returned to the ground. The recovered heat is used to keep the nursery school warm. This is one of only five open-loop schemes in Wales and the only one in an urban setting.<\/p>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t<div  class=\"owl-carousel carousel-primary-color carousel owl-theme thumbs-carousel-js\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"item\"><figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Fig3-cardiff-borehole.jpg\" data-toggle=\"lightbox\" data-footer=\"&lt;p&gt;Figure 2: a network of boreholes equipped with temperature and water-level sensors were used to build up a picture of the groundwater temperatures across Cardiff. BGS \u00a9 UKRI.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-gallery=\"gallery_98572\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Fig3-cardiff-borehole-960x540.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"Two geologists looking at equipment from a borehole\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"caption \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>Figure 2: a network of boreholes equipped with temperature and water-level sensors were used to build up a picture of the groundwater temperatures across Cardiff. BGS \u00a9 UKRI.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"expand-box expand-box-top\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Fig3-cardiff-borehole.jpg\" data-toggle=\"lightbox\" data-footer=\"&lt;p&gt;Figure 2: a network of boreholes equipped with temperature and water-level sensors were used to build up a picture of the groundwater temperatures across Cardiff. BGS \u00a9 UKRI.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-gallery=\"gallery_98572\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/expand.svg\" alt=\"Expand icon\"><\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\n<p>By repurposing an existing borehole network (Figure 2), we realised significant cost savings and built strong partnerships with the local council that owns the boreholes. The 3D geological model will support ground investigations by the council, supporting the installation of pipework for a high-temperature heat network in Cardiff<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Addressing the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)<\/h2>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t<div  class=\"owl-carousel carousel-primary-color carousel owl-theme thumbs-carousel-js\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"item\"><figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/E-WEB-Goal-011-960x960.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"E-WEB-Goal-01[1]\" \/><figcaption class=\"caption \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>Mine-water energy is an opportunity in former coalfield areas that suffer from fuel poverty.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"item\"><figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/E-WEB-Goal-07-960x960.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"E-WEB-Goal-07\" \/><figcaption class=\"caption \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>Publicly run, owned and funded, the UK Cardiff Urban Geo Observatory will contribute to world-class science that puts the UK at the forefront of delivering clean energy at the scale required to achieve net zero by 2050.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"item\"><figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/E-WEB-Goal-08-960x960.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"E-WEB-Goal-08\" \/><figcaption class=\"caption \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>Mine-water energy and research have the potential to stimulate new geoenergy and geoengineering supply chains.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"item\"><figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/E-WEB-Goal-09-960x960.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"E-WEB-Goal-09\" \/><figcaption class=\"caption \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>The Cardiff Urban Geo Observatory schemes will enable innovation in tools, sensors and methods to reduce costs and risks.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"item\"><figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/E-WEB-Goal-11-960x960.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"E-WEB-Goal-11\" \/><figcaption class=\"caption \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>Mine-water energy is commonly located within towns and cities, and could form a baseload or thermal battery for district heating schemes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"item\"><figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/E-WEB-Goal-12-960x960.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"E-WEB-Goal-12\" \/><figcaption class=\"caption \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>The Cardiff Urban Geo Observatory will reduce uncertainties in the sustainability of mine-water energy resources and environmental management, and provide open, transparent data to all.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"item\"><figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/E-WEB-Goal-13-960x960.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"E-WEB-Goal-13\" \/><figcaption class=\"caption \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>Mine-water energy is part of the decarbonisation of heat and meeting net zero targets. The Cardiff Urban Geo Observatory will greatly increase the evidence base for mine-water energy and reduce uncertainties in the resource sustainability and energy flows.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Follow up work and impacts or impact goals<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Working with key local stakeholders, we have shown the benefits of partnership working: by the repurposing of an existing borehole network, we realised significant cost savings and built strong partnerships with the local council that owns the boreholes. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Our <a href=\"http:\/\/nora.nerc.ac.uk\/id\/eprint\/529171\/1\/Cardiff_Modelmetedatareport_03March2020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">3D geological model<\/a>, released in 2020, is available to support the council as they undertake ground works for a high-temperature heat network in the city. The geological model and hydrogeological model have enabled us to collaborate with researchers across the world. Our next steps include testing thermal properties of the geological formations below the city to assess the potential of heat storage at depth and calibrating models that tell us how much heat is lost from building basements in the subsurface.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Project partners and funders<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cardiffharbour.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cardiff Harbour Authority<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cardiff.gov.uk\/ENG\/Pages\/default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">City of Cardiff Council<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>GeoRA \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/geoera.eu\/projects\/muse3\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">MUSE project<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukri.org\/councils\/innovate-uk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">InnovateUK<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.turing.ac.uk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Alan Turing Institute<\/a>, Cambridge University<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.epos-eu.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">European Plate Observing System<\/a> (EPOS)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Further reading<\/h2>\n\n\n<div  class=\"accordions\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"acc-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"acc-top secondary-background icon-arrow button no-btn\"><span class=\"button-content\" tabindex=\"-1\">References<\/span><\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"acc-body sea-background-e\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Boon, D P, Farr, G, Abesser, C, Patton, A M, James, D R, Schofield, D I, and Tucker, D G. 2019. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.133847\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Groundwater heat pump feasibility in shallow urban aquifers: experience from Cardiff, UK<\/a>. <em>Science of the Total Environment<\/em>, Vol. 697, 133847. DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.133847<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Farr, G, Patton, A M, Boon, D P, James, D R, Williams, B, and Schofield, D I. 2017. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1144\/qjegh2016-058\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mapping shallow urban groundwater temperatures, a case study from Cardiff, UK.<\/a> <em>Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology<\/em>, Vol. 50(2), 187\u2013198. DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1144\/qjegh2016-058<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Farr, G, Patton, A M, Boon, D, James, D, Coppell, L, and James, L.\u00a02019. <a href=\"https:\/\/ukgeos.ac.uk\/data-downloads\/cardiff\/sensor-data\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cardiff Urban Geo-Observatory, Groundwater Temperature Data 2014-2018<\/a>. [online] British Geological Survey.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Garcia-Gil, A, Goetzl, G, K\u0142onowski, M, Borovi\u0107, S, Boon, D, Abesser, C, Jan\u017ea, M, Herms, I, Petitclerc, E, Erlstr\u00f6m, M, Hole\u010dek, J, Hunter, T, Vandeweijer, V, \u010cern\u00e1k, R, Moreno, M, and Epting, J. 2020. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.enpol.2020.111283\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Governance of shallow geothermal energy resources<\/a>. <em>Energy Policy<\/em>, Vol. 138, 111283. DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.enpol.2020.111283<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Kendall, R S,\u00a0Williams, L R,\u00a0Patton, A M, and\u00a0Thorpe, S. 2020.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/nora.nerc.ac.uk\/id\/eprint\/529171\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Metadata report for the Cardiff superficial deposits 3D geological model<\/a>.\u00a0<em>British Geological Survey Open Report<\/em> OR\/16\/031. (Nottingham, UK: British Geological Survey) (Unpublished).<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Patton, A M,\u00a0Farr, G, Boon, D P, James, D R,\u00a0Williams, B, James, L,\u00a0Kendall, R,\u00a0Thorpe, S,\u00a0Harcombe, G,\u00a0Schofield, D I, Holden, A, and White, D. 2020. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1144\/qjegh2019-020\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Establishing an urban geo-observatory to support sustainable development of shallow subsurface heat recovery and storage<\/a>.\u00a0<em>Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology<\/em>, Vol. 53(1), 49\u201361. DOI:\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1144\/qjegh2019-020<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Contact<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For more information about the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukgeos.ac.uk\/observatories\/cardiff\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cardiff Urban Geo Observatory<\/a> please email <a href=\"mailto:ukgeosenquiries@bgs.ac.uk\">ukgeosenquiries@bgs.ac.uk<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"relatives\">\n\t\t\t\t<h5>Relative topics<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/tag\/energy-transition\/\" class=\"button primary-background\">energy transition<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/tag\/geoenergy\/\" class=\"button primary-background\">geoenergy<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/tag\/geothermal\/\" class=\"button primary-background\">geothermal<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/tag\/uk-geoenergy-observatories\/\" class=\"button primary-background\">uk geoenergy observatories<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/tag\/urban-geoscience\/\" class=\"button primary-background\">urban geoscience<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/tag\/wales\/\" class=\"button primary-background\">wales<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<section  style=\"background-image:url('https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/News-events-scaled.jpg')\" id=\"latest-content-9535-block_603f86a4177a0\" class=\"cards-carousel-section  basic-background-1   \" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row header-of-section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-12\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Latest news<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-12 owl-carousel carousel-basic-2-color owl-theme carousel-js\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"item cards  cards-find-more  press-release\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/uk-legacy-geothermal-catalogue-released-in-digital-format-for-the-first-time\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/distribution-of-sites-sample-geothermal-catalogue-150x150.webp\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"Distribution of sites in the first digital release of the legacy geothermal catalogue. BGS \u00a9 UKRI.\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/distribution-of-sites-sample-geothermal-catalogue.webp\" \/>\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t<div>BGS news<\/div>\n\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/uk-legacy-geothermal-catalogue-released-in-digital-format-for-the-first-time\/\">UK legacy geothermal catalogue released in digital format for the first time<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>18\/04\/2024<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>BGS has released the first digital version of the UK legacy geothermal catalogue of subsurface temperature measurements, rock thermal conductivity measurements and heat flow calculations.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/uk-legacy-geothermal-catalogue-released-in-digital-format-for-the-first-time\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"item cards  cards-find-more  \">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/new-research-supports-conservation-of-fallow-deer-across-europe\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/fallow-deer-bob-brewer-14A9X2feLJ8-unsplash-150x150.webp\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"Fallow deer stag \u00a9 Bob Brewer\/Unsplash.\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/fallow-deer-bob-brewer-14A9X2feLJ8-unsplash.webp\" \/>\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t<div>Research highlight<\/div>\n\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/new-research-supports-conservation-of-fallow-deer-across-europe\/\">New research supports conservation of fallow deer across Europe<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>16\/04\/2024<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>New research has combined zooarchaeology and ancient and modern biomolecular datasets to reveal new understandings into the history and projections of fallow deer. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/new-research-supports-conservation-of-fallow-deer-across-europe\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"item cards  cards-find-more  press-release\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/bgs-signs-memorandum-of-understanding-with-servico-geologico-do-brasil\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/20240303_164711_web-150x150.jpg\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"Representatives from the Servi\u00e7o Geol\u00f3gico do Brasil and BGS at the signing event. Copyright: Rafael Sandim\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/20240303_164711_web.jpg\" \/>\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t<div>BGS news<\/div>\n\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/bgs-signs-memorandum-of-understanding-with-servico-geologico-do-brasil\/\">BGS signs memorandum of understanding with Servi\u00e7o Geol\u00f3gico do Brasil<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>10\/04\/2024<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The partnership will advance the two organisations\u2019 shared interests in mineral research and geoscience to help benefit society. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/bgs-signs-memorandum-of-understanding-with-servico-geologico-do-brasil\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"item cards  cards-find-more  press-release\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/world-mineral-production-2018-to-2022-is-now-available\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/World_Mineral_Production_2018_2022-150x150.jpg\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"BGS World Mineral Production 2018 to 2022\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/World_Mineral_Production_2018_2022.jpg\" \/>\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t<div>BGS news<\/div>\n\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/world-mineral-production-2018-to-2022-is-now-available\/\">World Mineral Production 2018 to 2022 is now available<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>09\/04\/2024<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The latest edition of World Mineral Production has been released.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/world-mineral-production-2018-to-2022-is-now-available\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"item cards  cards-find-more  press-release\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/new-underground-observatory-open-for-research\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/UKGEOS_Cheshire_Keys_website-150x150.jpg\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"Dr Mike Spence, Director of Science for the UK Geoenergy Observatories, receives the keys to the Cheshire Observatory from AECOM, principal contractor for construction of the site. Source: BGS \u00a9 UKRI\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/UKGEOS_Cheshire_Keys_website.jpg\" \/>\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t<div>BGS news<\/div>\n\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/new-underground-observatory-open-for-research\/\">New underground observatory open for research<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>09\/04\/2024<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Construction has been completed on the Cheshire Observatory and the facility is now open for research activities.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/new-underground-observatory-open-for-research\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"item cards  cards-find-more  press-release\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/bgs-leads-update-of-the-earths-magnetic-field-maps\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/IGRF-13_Declination_2020-960x645-1-150x150.jpg\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"IGRF-13 map of declination angle (in degrees east or west of true north) for 2020. \u00a9 UKRI\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/IGRF-13_Declination_2020-960x645-1.jpg\" \/>\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t<div>BGS news<\/div>\n\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/bgs-leads-update-of-the-earths-magnetic-field-maps\/\">BGS leads update to maps of the Earth\u2019s magnetic field<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>04\/04\/2024<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The International Geomagnetic Reference Field, used for navigation on mobile phones and in space, is updated every five years. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/bgs-leads-update-of-the-earths-magnetic-field-maps\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"item cards  cards-find-more  press-release\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/uk-bidding-to-host-the-international-geological-congress-2028\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/river-clyde-cityscape-150x150.webp\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"River Clyde, Glasgow. \u00a9 Glasgow Life, Paul Watt Photography\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/river-clyde-cityscape.webp\" \/>\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t<div>BGS news<\/div>\n\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/uk-bidding-to-host-the-international-geological-congress-2028\/\">UK bidding to host the International Geological Congress 2028<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>18\/03\/2024<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>BGS has partnered with the Geological Society of London and the Scottish Geology Trust to develop a bid to host the 38th International Geological Congress in Glasgow in 2028. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/uk-bidding-to-host-the-international-geological-congress-2028\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"item cards  cards-find-more  press-release\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/bgs-to-lead-a-new-research-project-on-microplastic-occurrence-in-springs\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/P1038363-150x150.webp\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"BGS staff sampling a chalk spring for microplastics in 2024. BGS \u00a9 UKRI.\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/P1038363.webp\" \/>\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t<div>BGS news<\/div>\n\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/bgs-to-lead-a-new-research-project-on-microplastic-occurrence-in-springs\/\">BGS to lead a new research project on microplastic occurrence in springs<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>06\/03\/2024<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>BGS has been awarded a two-year research project to undertake the first assessment of microplastic occurrence in springs in the UK. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/bgs-to-lead-a-new-research-project-on-microplastic-occurrence-in-springs\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"item cards  cards-find-more  press-release\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/local-mp-helps-bgs-launch-a-living-laboratory\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/P1039076-150x150.webp\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"Breaking ground ceremony. L to R: Sami Massum (BGS), David Boon (BGS), Councillor Rob Inglis, Michelle Bentham, (BGS), Mark Thorpe (Pick Everard), Ross Goodband (Pick Everard), Ruth Edwards MP, Daniel Crow (BGS), Gershwyn Soanes (BGS), Andrew McConnochie (BGS), Mike Potter (NERC), James Howell (NERC) and Edward Leddy-Owen. BGS \u00a9 UKRI.\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/P1039076.webp\" \/>\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t<div>BGS news<\/div>\n\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/local-mp-helps-bgs-launch-a-living-laboratory\/\">Local MP helps BGS launch a \u2018living laboratory\u2019\u00a0\u00a0<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>05\/03\/2024<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>BGS is implementing a low-carbon heating system to help meet its net zero targets and provide data to the public. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/local-mp-helps-bgs-launch-a-living-laboratory\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"item cards  cards-find-more  press-release\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/scientists-produce-first-record-of-environmental-data-off-coast-of-hawaii-clone\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/iodp-exp-389-science-party-members-150x150.webp\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"IODP Expedition 389 science party members, including BGS&#039;s Margaret Stewart (second from right), discussing cores. Marley Parker @ ECORD_IODP.\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/iodp-exp-389-science-party-members.webp\" \/>\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t<div>BGS news<\/div>\n\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/scientists-produce-first-record-of-environmental-data-off-coast-of-hawaii-clone\/\">Scientists produce first record of environmental data off coast of Hawai\u2019i<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>01\/03\/2024<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>An international team of researchers, including BGS geoscientists, have succeeded in acquiring a continuous record of environmental data using fossilised coral from Hawai\u2019i.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/scientists-produce-first-record-of-environmental-data-off-coast-of-hawaii-clone\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"item cards  cards-find-more  press-release\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/new-bgs-board-member\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/TK_picture-150x150.jpg\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"A white man with brown hair and eyes smiling at the camera\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/TK_picture.jpg\" \/>\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t<div>BGS news<\/div>\n\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/new-bgs-board-member\/\">New BGS Board member<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>01\/03\/2024<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>New non-executive director appointed to the BGS Board.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/new-bgs-board-member\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"item cards  cards-find-more  press-release\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/bgs-data-product-licence-fees-to-rise\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Debris-Flow-Susceptibility-Model_GlenCoe-150x150.jpg\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"Debris flow susceptibility model GlenCoe. Contains Ordnance Survey data \u00a9 Crown Copyright and database rights 2022.\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Debris-Flow-Susceptibility-Model_GlenCoe.jpg\" \/>\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t<div>BGS news<\/div>\n\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/bgs-data-product-licence-fees-to-rise\/\">BGS data product licence fees to rise<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>01\/03\/2024<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>New direct licence fees to be introduced from 1 April 2024.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/bgs-data-product-licence-fees-to-rise\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-12\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Heat recovery and storage in the urban subsurface could offer part of the solution to decarbonise energy supplies.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":68912,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"19754,59788,17122,60729,59077,67767","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[797],"tags":[1600,1121,727,60,1089,1567],"purpose":[],"challenge":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.5 - 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