{"id":106028,"date":"2023-10-24T08:50:37","date_gmt":"2023-10-24T08:50:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/?p=106028"},"modified":"2024-03-05T08:01:44","modified_gmt":"2024-03-05T08:01:44","slug":"good-practice-for-sand-mining","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/good-practice-for-sand-mining\/","title":{"rendered":"Good practice for sand mining"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<section class=\"wp-block-bgs-blocks-content-container content-section\"><div class=\"container\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"col-12\">\n<p>Rapidly increasing demand for sand in many countries, combined with little or no governance, has resulted in sand mining causing wide ranging negative environmental and economic impacts. This is driven by the increasing demand for concrete due to urban growth and the need for good-quality housing and infrastructure in many parts of the world. BGS is working on geoscience-led solutions to this problem as part of the International Geoscience Research and Development (IGRD) project. We covered how we are going about this in our first blog, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/living-in-a-world-made-of-sand\/\">Living in a world made of sand<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To enable the public, researchers, geological surveys, regulators, industry and consumers to understand the issues around sand mining, the BGS project team worked with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sarahhannis.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Sarah Hannis<\/a>, a freelance illustrator, to create images that capture the current situation and potential solutions. These aim to show how geoscience data and information can be used for the monitoring and management of sand resources.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The current situation<\/h2>\n\n\n<figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sand-mining-good-practice-monitoring-1280px.webp\" data-toggle=\"lightbox\" data-footer=\"&lt;p&gt;The current sand mining situation. \u00a9 Sarah Hannis Illustration.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-gallery=\"gallery_62987\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sand-mining-good-practice-monitoring-1280px-150x150.webp\" class=\"lazy-blur\" alt=\"Sand mining. \u00a9 Sarah Hannis Illustration\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sand-mining-good-practice-monitoring-1280px-960x645.webp\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"caption sm-line\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>The current sand mining situation. \u00a9 Sarah Hannis Illustration.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"expand-box expand-box-top\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sand-mining-good-practice-monitoring-1280px.webp\" data-toggle=\"lightbox\" data-footer=\"&lt;p&gt;The current sand mining situation. \u00a9 Sarah Hannis Illustration.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-gallery=\"gallery_62987\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/expand.svg\" alt=\"Expand icon\"><\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>In many countries, large-scale extraction of sand from rivers and the nearshore environment causes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>increased erosion of banks and beaches<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>damage to infrastructure<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>harm to water quality, farmland and biodiversity<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>increased risk of flooding<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Sand supply is often inadequate to meet future needs, causing price fluctuations and stockpiling. There is little or no consideration by the consumer of where this essential building raw material comes from, no transparency in the supply chain, and no linkage between urban planning and those with responsibility for managing sand resources. in many places this is a supply system that is either breaking down or has effectively already broken down, in many places.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the following illustrations, we show examples of good practice that could be considered to help break out of this unsustainable scenario.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Monitoring<\/h2>\n\n\n<figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/monitoring-sand-remotely-1280px.webp\" data-toggle=\"lightbox\" data-footer=\"&lt;p&gt;Monitoring sand remotely. \u00a9 Sarah Hannis Illustration.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-gallery=\"gallery_47921\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/monitoring-sand-remotely-1280px-150x150.webp\" class=\"lazy-blur\" alt=\"Monitoring sand remotely. \u00a9 Sarah Hannis Illustration\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/monitoring-sand-remotely-1280px-960x645.webp\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"caption sm-line\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>Monitoring sand remotely. \u00a9 Sarah Hannis Illustration.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"expand-box expand-box-top\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/monitoring-sand-remotely-1280px.webp\" data-toggle=\"lightbox\" data-footer=\"&lt;p&gt;Monitoring sand remotely. \u00a9 Sarah Hannis Illustration.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-gallery=\"gallery_47921\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/expand.svg\" alt=\"Expand icon\"><\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>The initial steps in controlling extraction and increasing supply from more sustainable sources are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>better understanding of how much sand there is<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>understanding how much sand is being produced<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>knowing where the sand comes from<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>knowing where the sand is used<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Traditionally, surveys of the sand industry by regulatory authorities are a key source of data. Instead of surveying, which can be expensive, time consuming and require a strong regulatory regime, the sand team at BGS has been using <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cesys.2023.100109\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">remote sensing<\/a>, a more accessible, alternative, way to monitor the activities of the sand industry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Recycling<\/h2>\n\n\n<figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/recycling-sand-1280px.webp\" data-toggle=\"lightbox\" data-footer=\"&lt;p&gt;Recycling sand. \u00a9 Sarah Hannis Illustration.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-gallery=\"gallery_96258\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/recycling-sand-1280px-150x150.webp\" class=\"lazy-blur\" alt=\"Sand mining good practice: recycling. BGS \u00a9 UKRI.\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/recycling-sand-1280px-960x645.webp\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"caption sm-line\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>Recycling sand. \u00a9 Sarah Hannis Illustration.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"expand-box expand-box-top\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/recycling-sand-1280px.webp\" data-toggle=\"lightbox\" data-footer=\"&lt;p&gt;Recycling sand. \u00a9 Sarah Hannis Illustration.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-gallery=\"gallery_96258\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/expand.svg\" alt=\"Expand icon\"><\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>Moving towards a circular economy is a key part of any solution to reduce the environmental impact of natural resource consumption. Enabling a circular economy requires a clear understanding of the material supply chain as well as collaboration between planners, consumers and producers. Utilisation of construction, excavation and demolition waste (often referred to as CDEW) may be a viable alternative to natural sand, as may recycling of other products, such as crushed glass. Re-use of modular building material may also help reduce the demand for natural sand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Use of alternative primary materials<\/h2>\n\n\n<figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/alternative-building-materials-1280px.webp\" data-toggle=\"lightbox\" data-footer=\"&lt;p&gt;The viability of using alternative building materials. \u00a9 Sarah Hannis Illustration.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-gallery=\"gallery_65530\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/alternative-building-materials-1280px-150x150.webp\" class=\"lazy-blur\" alt=\"The viability of using alternative building materials. \u00a9 Sarah Hannis Illustration\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/alternative-building-materials-1280px-960x645.webp\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"caption sm-line\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>The viability of using alternative building materials. \u00a9 Sarah Hannis Illustration.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"expand-box expand-box-top\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/alternative-building-materials-1280px.webp\" data-toggle=\"lightbox\" data-footer=\"&lt;p&gt;The viability of using alternative building materials. \u00a9 Sarah Hannis Illustration.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-gallery=\"gallery_65530\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/expand.svg\" alt=\"Expand icon\"><\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>One of the main alternatives to natural sand is \u2018manufactured sand\u2019, which is produced from the crushing of hard rocks. This can be a primary product or a by-product from mine (sometimes known as ore sand) and quarry waste. Manufactured sand has similar physical and chemical properties to natural sand. It is also easier to manage the environmental effects from quarry sites, which are often located far from the sensitive environments where river and beach sand is found. However, consideration needs to be given to the increased energy often required to produce manufactured sand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sourcing of natural sands<\/h2>\n\n\n<figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/responsible-sourcing-of-natural-sand-1280px.webp\" data-toggle=\"lightbox\" data-footer=\"&lt;p&gt;Responsible sourcing of natural sand. \u00a9 Sarah Hannis Illustration.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-gallery=\"gallery_84970\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/responsible-sourcing-of-natural-sand-1280px-150x150.webp\" class=\"lazy-blur\" alt=\"Responsible sourcing of natural sand. \u00a9 Sarah Hannis Illustration\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/responsible-sourcing-of-natural-sand-1280px-960x645.webp\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"caption sm-line\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>Responsible sourcing of natural sand. \u00a9 Sarah Hannis Illustration.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"expand-box expand-box-top\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/responsible-sourcing-of-natural-sand-1280px.webp\" data-toggle=\"lightbox\" data-footer=\"&lt;p&gt;Responsible sourcing of natural sand. \u00a9 Sarah Hannis Illustration.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-gallery=\"gallery_84970\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/expand.svg\" alt=\"Expand icon\"><\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>Mining of natural sand should be targeted at \u2018fossil\u2019 or geological deposits formed from the sediments of ancient river systems or offshore environments. These can be located well away from active water courses, beaches and marine environments. Extraction needs to be carefully regulated; one way of achieving this is to implement tax or royalties to ensure local administrations take an active interest in extraction and the sand resource is valued.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Reduction of use<\/h2>\n\n\n<figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/the-reduction-of-sand-use-1280px.webp\" data-toggle=\"lightbox\" data-footer=\"&lt;p&gt;The reduction of sand use. \u00a9 Sarah Hannis Illustration.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-gallery=\"gallery_9848\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/the-reduction-of-sand-use-1280px-150x150.webp\" class=\"lazy-blur\" alt=\"The reduction of sand use. \u00a9 Sarah Hannis Illustration\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/the-reduction-of-sand-use-1280px-960x645.webp\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"caption sm-line\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>The reduction of sand use. \u00a9 Sarah Hannis Illustration.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"expand-box expand-box-top\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/the-reduction-of-sand-use-1280px.webp\" data-toggle=\"lightbox\" data-footer=\"&lt;p&gt;The reduction of sand use. \u00a9 Sarah Hannis Illustration.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-gallery=\"gallery_9848\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/expand.svg\" alt=\"Expand icon\"><\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>Reducing demand for, and therefore consumption of, sand will help to alleviate the pressure on sensitive environments. Reducing the use of concrete is one way to reduce our reliance on sand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are many ways to reduce the use of concrete. In some applications, timber may be a sustainable alternative; increased use of steel and glass in construction may also reduce demand for concrete. Reduction can also be achieved by smarter design. For instance, reducing the size of floor spans or constructing smaller buildings helps to reduce material consumption.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Using these illustrations<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>All illustrations are available to re-use for non-commercial purposes relating to the promotion of good practice for sand mining provided the source is acknowledged and the copyright notice accompanying the illustration is retained.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www2.bgs.ac.uk\/mineralsuk\/mines\/construction-minerals.html\">High-resolution versions of the images<\/a> are available to download.<\/p>\n\n\n\t\t<h2>About the authors<\/h2>\n\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cards cards-contact no-shape\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/tom_bide-150x150.jpg\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"Tom Bide\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/tom_bide.jpg\" \/>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5>Tom Bide<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Minerals geoscientist<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>BGS Keyworth<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/people\/bide-tom\/\">Find out more<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\n\t\t<h2><\/h2>\n\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cards cards-contact no-shape\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/clive_mitchell-150x150.jpg\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"Clive Mitchell\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/clive_mitchell.jpg\" \/>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5>Clive Mitchell<\/h5>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Industrial minerals geologist<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>BGS Keyworth<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/people\/mitchell-clive\/\">Find out more<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"relatives\">\n\t\t\t\t<h5>Relative topics<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/tag\/circular-economy\/\" class=\"button primary-background\">circular economy<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/tag\/critical-raw-materials\/\" class=\"button primary-background\">critical raw materials<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/tag\/sustainability\/\" class=\"button primary-background\">sustainability<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<section  style=\"background-image:url('https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/News-events-scaled.jpg')\" id=\"latest-content-3616-block_62a0fe98304a5ac00832869b3a0661ea\" class=\"cards-carousel-section  basic-background-1   \" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row header-of-section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-12\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Latest blogs<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-12 owl-carousel carousel-primary-color owl-theme carousel-js\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"item cards  cards-find-more  bgs-blogs\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/the-sir-walter-scott-memorial\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Scott_monument_thumbnail.jpg\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"Scott&#039;s Monument, west elevation. \u00a9 BGS\/UKRI\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Scott_monument_thumbnail.jpg\" \/>\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t<div>BGS blogs<\/div>\n\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/the-sir-walter-scott-memorial\/\">Building stones spotlight: the Sir Walter Scott Memorial 25 years after its conservation<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>29\/04\/2024<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>BGS geologist, Luis Albornoz-Parra, discusses the iconic Edinburgh monument, the building stones used in its construction and the result (so far) of its conservation efforts.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/the-sir-walter-scott-memorial\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"item cards  cards-find-more  bgs-blogs\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/unlocking-key-mineral-archives-at-the-zambian-geological-survey-department\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/P1000254-150x150.webp\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"Rebecca Mumpansha, a GSD librarian, with the sales stock of geological maps. \u00a9 Rachel Talbot.\u00a0\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/P1000254-960x645.webp\" \/>\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t<div>BGS blogs<\/div>\n\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/unlocking-key-mineral-archives-at-the-zambian-geological-survey-department\/\">Unlocking key mineral archives at the Zambian Geological Survey Department\u00a0<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>23\/02\/2024<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Rachel Talbot recounts a recent visit by BGS Records staff to the Zambian Geological Survey Department, to assist in critical mineral data management.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/unlocking-key-mineral-archives-at-the-zambian-geological-survey-department\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"item cards  cards-find-more  bgs-blogs\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/will-2024-be-the-year-of-the-aurora\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/henrik-heitmann-wQ1UIvNfgYQ-unsplash-150x150.webp\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"Aurora borealis in northern Norway. \u00a9 Jeremy Bishop\/Unsplash.\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/henrik-heitmann-wQ1UIvNfgYQ-unsplash.webp\" \/>\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t<div>BGS blogs<\/div>\n\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/will-2024-be-the-year-of-the-aurora\/\">Will 2024 be the Year of the Aurora?\u00a0<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>23\/02\/2024<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The Sun\u2019s approximate eleven-year activity cycle is predicted to peak this year, prompting BGS scientists to anticipate that 2024 will be the \u2018Year of the Aurora\u2019. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/will-2024-be-the-year-of-the-aurora\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"item cards  cards-find-more  bgs-blogs\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/hungry-like-a-wolf-new-insights-from-old-bones-housed-in-the-bgs-museum-collections\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/P1038353-150x150.webp\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"P1038353\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/P1038353.webp\" \/>\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t<div>BGS blogs<\/div>\n\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/hungry-like-a-wolf-new-insights-from-old-bones-housed-in-the-bgs-museum-collections\/\">Hungry like a wolf: new insights from old bones housed in the BGS museum collections<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>18\/01\/2024<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>BGS scientists are studying the diets of ancient British wolves and how they adapted to changing environments.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/hungry-like-a-wolf-new-insights-from-old-bones-housed-in-the-bgs-museum-collections\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"item cards  cards-find-more  bgs-blogs\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/how-bgs-is-helping-the-farming-sector-of-great-britain\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/culver-down-p683813-150x150.webp\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"The Lewes Nodular Chalk Formation contributes to the chemistry of overlying soils in Culver Down on the Isle of Wight. BGS \u00a9 UKRI.\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/culver-down-p683813.webp\" \/>\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t<div>BGS blogs<\/div>\n\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/how-bgs-is-helping-the-farming-sector-of-great-britain\/\">How BGS is helping the farming sector of Great Britain\u00a0<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>17\/01\/2024<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>New legislation concerning soil management and technology in modern farming has led to an increase in enquiries about BGS\u2019s Soil Parent Material Model.  <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/how-bgs-is-helping-the-farming-sector-of-great-britain\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"item cards  cards-find-more  bgs-blogs\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/moving-stones-faults-slopes-and-sediments\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/P1038346-scaled-1-150x150.jpg\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"The Codleteth Burn catchment with its outlet fan system and recent debris flow deposits near Talla Linfoots. BGS \u00a9 UKRI.\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/P1038346-scaled-1-960x640.jpg\" \/>\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t<div>BGS blogs<\/div>\n\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/moving-stones-faults-slopes-and-sediments\/\">Moving stones: faults, slopes and sediments<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>12\/01\/2024<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Fractured rock along faults affects sediment movement on slopes with implications for the design of infrastructure. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/moving-stones-faults-slopes-and-sediments\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"item cards  cards-find-more  bgs-blogs\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/understanding-nutrients-in-tropical-rainforests\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/chris-bengt-p1038345-150x150.webp\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"Chris Bengt, PhD Student, in Stable Isotope Lab, Keyworth. BGS \u00a9 UKRI.\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/chris-bengt-p1038345.webp\" \/>\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t<div>BGS blogs<\/div>\n\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/understanding-nutrients-in-tropical-rainforests\/\">Understanding nutrients in tropical rainforests\u00a0<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>11\/01\/2024<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Christopher Bengt talks about carrying out research for his PhD amongst the rainforests and volcanoes of the Philippines. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/understanding-nutrients-in-tropical-rainforests\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"item cards  cards-find-more  bgs-blogs\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/linking-geochemistry-and-health-in-artisanal-and-small-scale-gold-mining-in-the-kakamega-vihiga-gold-belt-kenya\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/gold-mining-activities-sluicing-p1038343-150x150.webp\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"Gold mining activities (milled ore washing and sluicing) and community drinking water downslope of ASGM activities. \u00a9\u00a0Maureene Auma Ondayo.\u00a0\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/gold-mining-activities-sluicing-p1038343-960x645.webp\" \/>\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t<div>BGS blogs<\/div>\n\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/linking-geochemistry-and-health-in-artisanal-and-small-scale-gold-mining-in-the-kakamega-vihiga-gold-belt-kenya\/\">Linking geochemistry and health in artisanal and small-scale gold mining in the Kakamega-Vihiga gold belt, Kenya\u00a0\u00a0<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>09\/01\/2024<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>PhD candidate Maureene Auma Ondayo is investigating major and trace element exposure in the environment in Kenya, aiming to reduce exposure of humans to toxic chemicals. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/linking-geochemistry-and-health-in-artisanal-and-small-scale-gold-mining-in-the-kakamega-vihiga-gold-belt-kenya\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"item cards  cards-find-more  bgs-blogs\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/geography-olympiad-bandung-indonesia\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1_Team_UK-150x150.jpg\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"Team UK at the International Geography Olympiad. Source: Jo Bayham &amp; Jen Lomas\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1_Team_UK.jpg\" \/>\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t<div>BGS blogs<\/div>\n\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/geography-olympiad-bandung-indonesia\/\">The Geography Olympiad: Bandung, Indonesia<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>22\/12\/2023<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>School student Dion Thompson joined Team UK at this year\u2019s International Geology Olympiad in Indonesia. We hear from Dion\u2019s mentor Anna Hicks, before Dion reports on the Olympiad itself. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/geography-olympiad-bandung-indonesia\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"item cards  cards-find-more  bgs-blogs\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/cmic-critical-minerals-research-review\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/P521533-150x150.webp\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"Mineral specimen of linarite, Leadhills, Lanarkshire. BGS \u00a9 UKRI.\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/P521533.webp\" \/>\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t<div>BGS blogs<\/div>\n\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/cmic-critical-minerals-research-review\/\">CMIC: critical minerals research review<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>21\/12\/2023<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Matthew Reeves of Innovate UK provides an overview of the Critical Minerals Strategy, which sets out how the UK will go about securing its supply of critical minerals. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/cmic-critical-minerals-research-review\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"item cards  cards-find-more  bgs-blogs\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/my-role-as-a-stable-isotope-research-assistant-2\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/IMG_3959-150x150.webp\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"Charlotte Hopkins working in the National Environmental Isotope Facility (NEIF). BGS \u00a9 UKRI.\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/IMG_3959.webp\" \/>\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t<div>BGS blogs<\/div>\n\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/my-role-as-a-stable-isotope-research-assistant-2\/\">My role as a stable isotope research assistant\u00a0<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>19\/12\/2023<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Charlotte Hipkiss has recently taken up a new position in the National Environmental Isotope Facility at BGS and gives us a little insight into her new position. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/my-role-as-a-stable-isotope-research-assistant-2\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"item cards  cards-find-more  bgs-blogs\">\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/groundwater-in-taiwan-under-a-changing-environment\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/thousand-island-lake-Taiwan-feature-150x150.webp\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"Thousand-Island Lake in the Central Mountain Range of Taiwan. The lake provides the public water supply for Taiwan\u2019s capital city Taipei. \u00a9 John Bloomfield\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/thousand-island-lake-Taiwan-feature.webp\" \/>\t<\/a>\n\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t<div>BGS blogs<\/div>\n\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/groundwater-in-taiwan-under-a-changing-environment\/\">Groundwater in Taiwan under a changing environment<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>15\/12\/2023<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>BGS\u2019s groundwater team is part of a project to develop the first groundwater forecasts for Taiwan.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/news\/groundwater-in-taiwan-under-a-changing-environment\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-12\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tom Bide and Clive Mitchell outline how BGS is working on geoscience-led solutions for the global issue of sand mining.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":106095,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"6223,9089,10235,8160,34248,32954","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[58],"tags":[1286,987,1017],"purpose":[],"challenge":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.5 - 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