{"id":18020,"date":"2020-02-28T08:27:34","date_gmt":"2020-02-28T08:27:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/?post_type=information-hub&#038;p=18020"},"modified":"2024-03-11T10:32:44","modified_gmt":"2024-03-11T10:32:44","slug":"magnetograms","status":"publish","type":"information-hub","link":"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/information-hub\/scanned-records\/magnetograms\/","title":{"rendered":"Magnetograms"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t\t<section class=\"hero-section hero-section-with-social\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hero-info-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-12\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hero-info\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1>Magnetograms<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>BGS Information Hub<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"social-wrap social-wrap-inline-them\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"sea-background-f\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>Share this article<\/span><a target=\"_blank\"  href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer\/sharer.php?u=https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/information-hub\/scanned-records\/magnetograms\/\"><span class=\"icon-facebook\"><span class=\"hidden\">Facebook<\/span><\/span><\/a><a target=\"_blank\"  href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?text=Magnetograms&#038;url=https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/information-hub\/scanned-records\/magnetograms\/\"><span class=\"icon-twitter\"><span class=\"hidden\">Twitter<\/span><\/span><\/a><a   onclick=\"javascript:void( (function() {var e=document.createElement('script' );e.setAttribute('type','text\/javascript' );e.setAttribute('charset','UTF-8' );e.setAttribute('src','\/\/assets.pinterest.com\/js\/pinmarklet.js?r='+Math.random()*99999999);document.body.appendChild(e)})());\"  href=\"javascript:void(0);\"><span class=\"icon-pinterest\"><span class=\"hidden\">Pinterest<\/span><\/span><\/a><a target=\"_blank\"  href=\"https:\/\/wa.me?text=https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/information-hub\/scanned-records\/magnetograms\/\"><span class=\"icon-whatsapp\"><span class=\"hidden\">WhatsApp<\/span><\/span><\/a><a   href=\"mailto:?subject=Magnetograms&#038;body=BGS%20scanned%20collection%20of%20historical%20magnetograms%20-%20original%20recordings%20of%20the%20variations%20in%20the%20strength%20and%20direction%20of%20the%20Earth&#039;s%20magnetic%20field.%20(https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/information-hub\/scanned-records\/magnetograms\/)\"><span class=\"icon-mail\"><span class=\"hidden\">Email<\/span><\/span><\/a><a href=\"#\" data-copy=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/information-hub\/scanned-records\/magnetograms\/\" class=\"copy-url-on-click\"><span class=\"icon-link\"><span class=\"hidden\">Copy Link<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-bgs-blocks-content-container content-section\"><div class=\"container\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"col-12\">\n<p>The BGS holds a unique collection of about 250&nbsp;000 historical magnetograms on photographic paper \u2014 original recordings of the variations in the strength and direction of the Earth&#8217;s magnetic field.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Magnetogram_Eskdalmuir_1909.jpg\" data-toggle=\"lightbox\" data-footer=\"&lt;p&gt;Eskdalemuir magnetogram 31\/12\/1909 \u2013 01\/01\/1910. BGS \u00a9 UKRI&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-gallery=\"gallery_47188\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Magnetogram_Eskdalmuir_1909-150x150.jpg\" class=\"lazy-blur\" alt=\"Magnetogram Eskdalemuir 1909\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Magnetogram_Eskdalmuir_1909-960x383.jpg\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"caption sm-line\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>Eskdalemuir magnetogram 31\/12\/1909 \u2013 01\/01\/1910. BGS \u00a9 UKRI<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"expand-box expand-box-top\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Magnetogram_Eskdalmuir_1909.jpg\" data-toggle=\"lightbox\" data-footer=\"&lt;p&gt;Eskdalemuir magnetogram 31\/12\/1909 \u2013 01\/01\/1910. BGS \u00a9 UKRI&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-gallery=\"gallery_47188\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/expand.svg\" alt=\"Expand icon\"><\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>The magnetogram collection \u2014 one of the longest running geomagnetic series in the world \u2014 provides a continuous record of more than 160 years of UK measurements.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"cta-section  primary-background-b \">\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"row md-row\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"col-12\">\n\t\t\t\t<h2>Search the magnetograms collection<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"btn-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/webapps.bgs.ac.uk\/data\/Magnetograms\/search.cfc?method=magnetogramSearchbyObservatory\"  class=\"button secondary-background button btn-icon-arrow-right-black before \">Search<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\t\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-bgs-blocks-content-container content-section\"><div class=\"container\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"col-12\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What&#8217;s the attraction of magnetograms?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The collection is a valuable, partly untapped data resource for studying geomagnetic storms, space weather and the evolution of the Earth&#8217;s magnetic field. The magnetograms provide insight into:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>the Earth&#8217;s outer core: long-term change (years to centuries) in the dynamo that sustains our magnetic field<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>space weather: short-term changes (seconds to days) in near-Earth space and on the ground<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>space climate: long-term change (decades to centuries) in solar activity and consequences for Earth&#8217;s environment<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>All the above have an impact on human activities. For example, bad space weather affects technologies that we increasingly rely on, such as electrical power and GPS networks.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure  class=\"img-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/magnetogram_holdings.jpg\" data-toggle=\"lightbox\" data-footer=\"&lt;p&gt;Archive holdings of UK analogue magnetogram data. BGS \u00a9 UKRI&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-gallery=\"gallery_88761\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/magnetogram_holdings-150x150.jpg\" class=\"lazy-blur\" alt=\"BGS magnetogram holdings\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/magnetogram_holdings.jpg\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"caption sm-line\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/info-caption.svg\" alt=\"Information icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption-text\"><p>Archive holdings of UK analogue magnetogram data. BGS \u00a9 UKRI<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"expand-box expand-box-top\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/magnetogram_holdings.jpg\" data-toggle=\"lightbox\" data-footer=\"&lt;p&gt;Archive holdings of UK analogue magnetogram data. BGS \u00a9 UKRI&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-gallery=\"gallery_88761\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/bgs\/img\/expand.svg\" alt=\"Expand icon\"><\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Measurements from nine observatories<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p> In the UK measurements were made at eight long-running observatories. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.geomag.bgs.ac.uk\/operations\/abinger.html\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Abinger<\/a>, London<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.geomag.bgs.ac.uk\/operations\/eskdale.html\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Eskdalemuir<\/a>, Dumfries and Galloway<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.geomag.bgs.ac.uk\/operations\/falmouth.html\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Falmouth<\/a>, Cornwall<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.geomag.bgs.ac.uk\/operations\/greenwich.html\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Greenwich<\/a>, London<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.geomag.bgs.ac.uk\/operations\/hartland.html\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hartland<\/a>, Devon<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.geomag.bgs.ac.uk\/operations\/kew.html\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kew<\/a>, London<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.geomag.bgs.ac.uk\/operations\/lerwick.html\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Lerwick<\/a>, Shetland<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.geomag.bgs.ac.uk\/operations\/stonyhurst.html\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Stonyhurst<\/a>, Lancashire<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>We also have records from the Cape Evans observatory that ran continuously at Robert Falcon Scott\u2019s Antarctic base camp during the&nbsp;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.freezeframe.ac.uk\/resources\/expeditions\/antarctic\/british-antarctic-expedition-1910-13\/british-antarctic-expedition-1910-13\">British Antarctic Expedition 1910\u201313<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Scanning the archive<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Between 2009 and 2013 BGS undertook a programme of work to capture high-quality digital images of the magnetogram collection to provide a back up to the photographic paper originals. The images captured are available to search online. Scientists and the general public around the world can now gain easy access to this historical dataset.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Information about the results of your magnetogram search<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The results of your search include the observatory name, the components used, the date range of the recording start date and links to view the front and back of the magnetogram.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Most of the backs of the magnetograms don&#8217;t have any data on them but we have given you the option to view them if you want just so that you know if there is anything on them or not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The letters in the component(s) column are component codes. If you don&#8217;t know what they mean, view the component dictionary for an explanation. This can be accessed from the &#8216;See also&#8217; menu on the right-hand-side of the browser window.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Historical yearbooks<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>We also hold archived copies of the UK yearbooks. These contain the published results from each observatory, including data manually transcribed from magnetograms, series of single or spot manual observations of the magnetic components and other derived results.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Significantly, the yearbooks provide information on the observatory operations, observing equipment and observation methods, which are essential for meaningful use of the magnetograms and other data.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Browse our online&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/geomag.bgs.ac.uk\/data_service\/data\/yearbooks\/yearbooks.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">geomagnetic yearbooks and historical articles<\/a>&nbsp;for current and past UK magnetic observatories or&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/geomag.bgs.ac.uk\/operations\/former_colonial.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">historic British colonial magnetic observatories<\/a>&nbsp;(around 1840\u20131850).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Contact<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If you want to discover more then please contact&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/people\/clarke-ellen\/\">Ellen Clarke<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div  class=\"accordions\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"acc-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"acc-top secondary-background icon-arrow button no-btn\"><span class=\"button-content\" tabindex=\"-1\">Reference<\/span><\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"acc-body sea-background-e\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>British Geological Survey. (2013). UK Magnetic Observatory Magnetograms. British Geological Survey. (Dataset). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5285\/4eeec93c-12e6-4244-9b99-52c61350f9aa\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5285\/4eeec93c-12e6-4244-9b99-52c61350f9aa<\/a><\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<section   id=\"latest-content-7260-block_6ead42b26034df624e46c6b71dec5567\" class=\"grid-section  primary-background   \" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row header-of-section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-12\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>You may also be interested in<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row grid-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-lg-6 col-12\">\n\t<div class=\"cards cards-orizontal-sm  cards-find-more  cards-bordered\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/information-hub\/scanned-records\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/scanmapsicon_feature-150x150.jpg\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"BGS Maps Portal\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/scanmapsicon_feature.jpg\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/information-hub\/scanned-records\/\">Scanned records<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Open access to a number of our digital scan collections, including borehole log scans and published maps.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/information-hub\/scanned-records\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"col-lg-6 col-12\">\n\t<div class=\"cards cards-orizontal-sm  cards-find-more  cards-bordered\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/geomagnetism-science-capability\/\" class=\"media-wrap\">\n\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Geomag_feature_Pexels-150x150.jpg\" class=\"lazy-blur wp-post-image\" alt=\"Aurora Borealis by Stein Egil Liland\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Geomag_feature_Pexels.jpg\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"info-wrap\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"info\">\n\t\t\t\t<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/geomagnetism-science-capability\/\">Geomagnetism<\/a><\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Measuring, recording and interpreting variations in the Earth\u2019s magnetic field including those caused by space weather<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/geology-projects\/geomagnetism-science-capability\/\">Show more<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-12\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>BGS scanned collection of historical magnetograms &#8211; original recordings of the variations in the strength and direction of the Earth&#8217;s magnetic field.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":50862,"parent":18449,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"9157,7818,34330,37559,15901,8334","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","footnotes":""},"tags":[],"region":[],"topic":[24,25],"purpose":[47],"area":[],"challenge":[],"challenge_topic":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Magnetograms - British Geological Survey<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"BGS holds a unique collection of about 250 000 historical magnetograms on photographic paper \u2014 original recordings of the Earth&#039;s magnetic field.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/information-hub\/scanned-records\/magnetograms\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Magnetograms - British Geological Survey\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"BGS holds a unique collection of about 250 000 historical magnetograms on photographic paper \u2014 original recordings of the Earth&#039;s magnetic field.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/information-hub\/scanned-records\/magnetograms\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"British Geological Survey\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-03-11T10:32:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/feature_Magnetogram_Eskdalemuir_1909.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"640\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"430\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/information-hub\/scanned-records\/magnetograms\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/information-hub\/scanned-records\/magnetograms\/\",\"name\":\"Magnetograms - 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