The BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units — Result Details

Surface Sands Formation

Computer Code: SURF Preferred Map Code: notEntered
Status Code: Full
Age range: Marine Isotope Stage 1 (QMIS001) — Marine Isotope Stage 1 (QMIS001)
Lithological Description: Dominantly sands, with subordinate mud, peat and some basal lag gravel, together with a rich fossil assemblage of present day species.
Definition of Lower Boundary: Unconformable erosion surface (the "Y" seismic unconformity of Akhurst et al., 1997) proved by seabed cores, lying upon the Western Irish Sea Formation.
Definition of Upper Boundary: Present day sea-bed surface.
Thickness: Generally from 0.5 m to 2 m, reaching 40 m in sandbanks and up to 100 m in channel infills.
Geographical Limits: Irish Sea.
Parent Unit: British Coastal Deposits Group (COAS)
Previous Name(s): none recorded or not applicable
Alternative Name(s): none recorded or not applicable
Stratotypes:
Reference Section  Offshore BGS borehole no. 71/62 at 0 m - 7 m depth and 3 deg 93.8' W and 54 deg 25.4' N, (and borehole 71/41 but no depths), in conjunction with NIREX seismic line 89/29 shotpoints 2621 to 2630. Nirex 1997a, b. 
Reference Section  Offshore BGS borehole no. 71/64 at 0 m - 5 m depth and 3 deg 56.4' W and 54 deg 29.1' N. 
Reference(s):
NIREX. 1997a. A summary of the correlation and nature of onshore and offshore Quaternary sediments of the Sellafield area. UK NIREX Ltd. Report No SA/97/042. 
NIREX. 1997b. Interpretation of the BNFL/NIREX offshore high resolution seismic data. UK NIREX Ltd. Report No SA/97/042. 
Pantin, H M. 1978. Quaternary sediments from the north-east Irish Sea: Isle of Man to Cumbria. Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Great Britain, Vol 64, 1-43. 
Stoker, M S, McMillan, A A and Waters, C N. Quaternary Stratigraphical Chart: Southern Britain. British Geological Survey, 1 poster. 
McMillan, A A, Hamblin, R J O, and Merritt, J W. 2011. A lithostratigraphical framework for onshore Quaternary and Neogene (Tertiary) superficial deposits of Great Britain and the Isle of Man. British Geological Survey Research Report, RR/10/03. 343pp. 
Akhurst, M C, Chadwick, R A, Holliday, D W, McCormac, M, McMillan, A A, Millward, D, Young, B, Ambrose, K, Auton, C A, Barclay, W J, Barnes, R P, Beddoe-Stephens, B, James, J C W, Johnson, H, Jones, N S, Glover, B W, Hawkins, M P, Kimbell, G S, MacPherson, K A T, Merritt, J W, Milodowski, A E, Riley, N J, Robins, N S, Stone, P, and Wingfield, R T R. 1997. The geology of the west Cumbria district. Memoir of the British Geological Survey, Sheets 28, 37 and 47 (England and Wales). 138pp. 
Stoker, M S, Balson, P S, Long, D, and Tappin, D R. 2011. An overview of the lithostratigraphical framework for the Quaternary deposits on the United Kingdom continental shelf. British Geological Survey Research Report, RR/11/03. 48pp. 
Hession, M A. 1988. Quaternary geology of the South Irish Sea. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Aberystwyth. 
Tappin, D R, Chadwick, R A, Jackson, A A, Wingfield, R T R and Smith, N J P. 1994. United Kingdom offshore regional report; the geology of Cardigan Bay and Bristol Channel. (London: HMSO for the British Geological Survey.) 
Cameron, T D J, and Holmes, R. 1999. The Continental Shelf. 125-139 in A revised correlation of Quaternary deposits in the British Isles. Bowen, D Q (editor). Special Report of the Geological Society of London, No. 23. 
1:50K maps on which the lithostratigraphical unit is found, and map code used:
E037