Springs and wells:
Wye Head Springs
The Carboniferous Limestone is a major source of groundwater. Large amounts of water run underground in fissures, joints, caves and mine workings. The effects of water circulation through the limestone is the development of a network of solution passages and conduits which convey water from ‘recharge areas' on high land to springs or wells at points of outflow. Water originating on the moorland south-west of Buxton disappears into sinkholes at the contact of limestone and shale. This water drains underground through the limestone before reappearing at Wye Head Springs.
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The location of springs had a direct influence on the location of settlements on the limestone plateau. Some springs are still used in villages today, although others have run dry as the water table has been lowered by artificial drainage or ‘soughs' dug in the past to drain lead mines. The cultural importance of springs and wells are recognised by the practice of ‘well dressings' which form popular events held during the summer months in villages throughout the White Peak. Some springs discharge warm waters and the hot springs of Buxton were largely responsible for the rapid tourist expansion of the town in the eighteenth century. |
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