Dark Peak
The Dark Peak is characterised by extensive areas of peat and heather moorland, which are important for a range of birds such as red grouse. Wetland flushes are often found in association with these moorlands and support large quantities of invertebrates. Gritstone edges, rock outcrops and boulder slopes are a dramatic feature of the moorland fringe in many places and are important for breeding ring ouzel as well as lichen communities.
Below the moorland, enclosed land comprises farmland of pastures and meadows. Species-rich areas can be found amongst agriculturally improved fields and support a range of plant, bird and invertebrate species.
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Steep-sided valleys (cloughs) are also characteristic and support much of the remaining oak woodland, whilst reservoirs have been constructed in some valleys and the surrounding land planted with mixed conifer forest.
The rich biodiversity of the Peak District is reflected in the protection afforded to many areas. Alongside the National Park there are numerous wildlife sites and reserves, Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) and National Nature Reserves as well as European designations. Many rare and protected flora and fauna species also make their home in the Peak, including a number of local and national priority Biodiversity Action Plan Species.
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